1. Investment Casting: This is a method for manufacturing high-precision, high-quality metal parts. Its characteristics include producing castings with stable shape and dimensions, and high surface quality. Investment casting has three different methods, including single-crystal investment casting, polycrystalline investment casting, and ordinary investment casting.

2. Die Casting: Metal is pressed into molds under high pressure to produce castings with accurate shape and dimensions. This process features stable structural dimensions, smooth surfaces, and a high one-time forming rate. It is suitable for manufacturing some wide and thin-walled castings and is commonly used for producing automotive parts.

3. Injection Molding: Also called copper die casting, it involves injecting molten metal into molds under high pressure, followed by rapid cooling and solidification to form a high-precision casting technology. It is suitable for producing small to medium-sized castings as well as precision castings with complex processes or difficult pouring.

4. Lost Wax Casting: Castings are poured by coating wax patterns with ceramic or other materials to form molds. Its advantage is the ability to manufacture castings with complex internal structures and high external precision, suitable for producing high-demand automotive parts, aerospace equipment, and medical devices.

5. Metal Sand Casting: Using alloy materials for casting, sand cores or sand molds are made, then molten metal is poured in. After the casting cools, it is removed. This process can produce castings with high precision, good surface quality, and no gaps.